![]() The source of gelatin from animals are hide and bone and from vegetables are starch, alginate, pectin, agar and carrageenan but their gels lack the elastic properties of the gelatin that comes from animals. Additionally, due to its amphiphilic nature, it has emulsification properties and foam-stabilizing properties. Gelatin is widely used as a food ingredient and is also used as a gelling agent forming transparent elastic thermos-reversible gels on cooling below about 35 ☌. Gelatin forms a gel in water at a minimum concentration of 0.5% and at pH range from 4 to 8. Gelatin swells and adsorbs 5–10 times its weight of water to form a gel. Commercially is available as a solid and transparent, brittle, odorless and tasteless granule, sheets, flakes or powder, soluble in hot water, glycerol and acetic acid and non-soluble in organic solvents. It is a colorless or slightly yellow substance. Gelatin is a protein made by the thermal denaturation of collagen. ![]() It is also used in pharmaceutical drugs, vitamin capsules, photography and cosmetic industry. Gelatin or gelatine is an important functional biopolymer widely used in foods to improve elasticity, consistency and stability. Gelatin Chemical Characteristics, Fabrication Process, Environmental Stability (pH, Temperature, Humidity, Thixotropy, Ultrasound) We do not show all the references to make this information manageable.Ģ.1. In each theme, we have mentioned some references that show part of the work developed by different groups. Section 4 describes the mixture of gelatin with dichromates (DCG), the use of undeveloped DCG films, dyed DCG, the Weigert effect in gelatin mixtures, DCG in the fabrication of solar concentrators and more. Section 3 mentions the applications of gelatin as a part of the photographic emulsion and applications of it in the fabrication of some optical elements. Section 2 shows the use of plain gelatin films and gelatin mixed with colorants. Besides the gelatin based materials, the review includes photopolymers, photochromics, photorefractive, liquid crystals and more. More recently a Review of photosensitive materials for holography has been published. It is good to search those references, for example. Besides the work done in the “western world,” a great deal of interesting research has been conducted in the former USSR. of Optical Technology, etc.) and give the word “gelatin” to the searcher. Possibly they could gather more information by using searching and databases engines (Google, Scopus, Optical society of America OSA, SPIE, MDPI, Journals: Optics and Spectroscopy, J. For those interested in learning more details on specific themes can consult the references. We give a brief overview of the potential that has gelatin in the photosensitive materials. This article is devoted to researchers or people not acquainted with physics-optics. Here in this article we just mention a few applications of gelatin in photographic emulsion, DCG in holography and fabrication of micro-optical components. It is a theme that has been described in many books, articles and more. Many researchers (amateurs and professionals) and companies have made contributions to the development of photographic emulsions through the centuries. The photographic emulsion has been developed since the end of the 18th century. Perhaps the last successful application is in the fabrication of holograms. Since its use in the printing industry for over a century ago it has shown applicability. Other photosensitive material in the physics-optics fields is Dichromated Gelatin (DCG). Some other binders, like polyvinyl alcohol, have been used but the better is gelatin. Light sensitive material in the emulsion is silver halide but it should be used with a binder that is gelatin. Undoubtedly the best known sensitive material is the photographic emulsion. Regarding the physics-optics fields, gelatin can be applied in the fabrication of photosensitive materials. For example, in food (confectionery, meats, bakery products, dairy products, beverages), health and nutrition (bone and joint health, beauty, calorie management), pharmaceuticals (hard and soft capsules, vaccines, tablets, absorbable hemostats), specialties (photographic gelatin, ballistics, lubricants, fuels, release agents, ignites), fats, proteins and minerals (pet food, fertilizers, live stocks) and more. Gelatin is a material that can be applied in many fields.
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